Background and Objective: There has been a resurgence of nutritional rickets in children in many developing countries. Furthermore, Vitamin D deficiency is one of the major health problems and unexpectedly has a high prevalence in sunny countries (e.g. Middle East). In order to find out the association between vitamin D deficiencies in mothers and their neonates, we designed this study.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 49 pregnant women were recruited from Ali-Asghar children’s hospital in Tehran, in 2015. All blood samples were assayed for 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase and creatinine. Vitamin D deficiency defined as levels of 25(OH) D < 20 ng/ml for mothers and newborns.

Results: The mean±SD 25OHD levels of the mothers and their neonates were 26.1±8.44 ng/mL and 17.23 ±10.36 ng/Ml, respectively. Serum 25OHD of the mothers and their neonates were significantly correlated (r = 0.446, P< 0.001).

Conclusion: We found a significant correlation between vitamin D deficiency in mothers and their neonates. We think it is necessary to reconsider the recommendation of vitamin D supplementation for women during pregnancy.