fa دیگر Other پژوهشي اصیل Original Research <p>Background and Objective: The present study aimed to assess the role of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) sup-plementation after cardiac surgery in pediatric patients, evaluating the incidence of cardiac complications, such as arrhythmia.<br> Methods: In this study, 105 children scheduled for elective cardiac surgery were randomly divided into 3 groups. The first group, as the placebo group, received saline. Groups 2 and 3, on the other hand, respectively received 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg MgSO4 during the recovery phase of cardiac surgery.<br> Results: The results showed no significant difference among the study groups regarding the levels of Mg, Ca, and K at the time of admission to the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CICU). However, the patients re-ceiving 50 mg/kg MgSO4 (group 3) had a significantly lesser occurrence of arrhythmia compared to the control group (group 1). Furthermore, the patients in groups 2 and 3 had a lesser length of CICU stay after surgery in comparison to group 1. No association was found between MgSO4 consumption and the types of arrhythmia and the time of mechanical ventilation.<br> Conclusions: Supplementation with MgSO4 after cardiac surgery seems to reduce the incidence of arrhyth-mia and length of CICU stay in pediatric patients. This effect on the incidence of arrhythmia seems to be dose related.</p> Cardiac surgery, Complication, MgSO4, Pediatric 31 34 http://ijca.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-38&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Zahra Serati zserati@yahoo.co.uk, 1003194753284600244 1003194753284600244 No Shiraz University of Medi-cal Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Behzad Haghighi Aski 1003194753284600245 1003194753284600245 Yes Shiraz University of Medi-cal Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Ahmad Ali Amirghofran amirghofranaa@yahoo.com 1003194753284600246 1003194753284600246 No Shiraz University of Medi-cal Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Bahram Ghasemzadeh ghasemzade@sums.ac.ir 1003194753284600247 1003194753284600247 No Shiraz University of Medi-cal Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Gholam Hossein Ajami ajamigh@sums.ac.ir 1003194753284600248 1003194753284600248 No Shiraz University of Medi-cal Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Khashayar Aflaki Khashyar44@hotmail.com 1003194753284600249 1003194753284600249 No Shiraz University of Medi-cal Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Ali Manafi Anari 1003194753284600250 1003194753284600250 No Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran