en دیگر Other پژوهشي اصیل Original Research <strong>Background:</strong> Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a major public health issue leading to an increased risk of&nbsp;child mortality and has a negative effect on cognition and physical development. It has been suggested as a possible&nbsp;cause of the Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). So we decided to estimate prevalence of&nbsp;iron deficiency anemia in children with this disorder.<br> <strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 295 children and adolescents with ADHD aged 3-18 based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteria&nbsp;after parental consent enrolled the study and 5 ml blood was taken to measure hematological parameters.<br> <strong>Results: </strong>The mean&plusmn;SD age of children was 7.6&plusmn;3.54 years. Forty-five point one percent of boys and 49.1%&nbsp;girls had serum ferritin levels lower than normal and 19.7% had extremely low serum ferritin level.<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Low levels of ferritin may be associated with ADHD symptoms and suggest that children with&nbsp;this disorder screening and treatment for anemia.<br> &nbsp; Attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder, Iron deficiency, Iron deficiency anemia, Iron, Children, Adolescent 9 12 http://ijca.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-50-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Seyyed Gholamreza Noorazar 1003194753284600639 1003194753284600639 Yes Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Parinaz Kalejahi 1003194753284600640 1003194753284600640 No Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.